soil russian

земля́
earth, soil, ground
the Earth
land, country, territory
land, dry land, shore
state, federal state
роди́ть
to give birth, to bear (a child), to have (a baby)
to yield (of soil), to produce (crops), to bring forth
по́чва
soil, earth, ground
basis, base, grounds
разрабо́тка
development, design
working out, elaboration, drawing up
mining, exploitation (of a deposit), working
mine workings, workings, underground mines
cultivation (of land), breaking (of soil)
копа́ть
to dig, to dig out, to excavate
to dig up, to harvest (root crops)
to dig over, to turn over (soil)
взорва́ть
to blow up, to blast, to detonate, to set off
to infuriate, to enrage, to exasperate, to make lose one's temper
to plough up, to break up (soil)
земляно́й
земля (adj) (about the ground or soil of earth)
грунт
soil, earth, ground
subsoil, substratum, foundation soil
bottom (of a body of water), seabed
primer, priming coat
вы́возить
to take out, to carry out, to remove, to haul away
to export
to evacuate, to get out, to rescue, to save
to soil all over, to bedraggle, to smear
разрыва́ть
to tear, to tear apart, to rip up
to break off, to sever, to terminate
to dig up, to dig open, to turn over (soil)
to rummage through, to ransack, to turn upside-down
целина́
virgin land, virgin soil, untilled land
new ground, uncharted territory, untrodden ground
the Virgin Lands
испа́чкать
to soil/make dirty/desecrate with awful words
распа́хивать
to fling open, to throw open, to open wide
to plough up, to till, to break (soil)
ма́зать
to spread, to smear, to butter (bread)
to rub in, to apply (cream or ointment)
to soil, to make dirty, to get (something) messy
to anoint
взрыва́ть
to blow up, to blast, to detonate, to set off
to infuriate, to drive mad, to make lose one's temper
to plough up, to turn up (soil), to dig up, to loosen (earth)
запа́чкать
to soil/make dirty/also to disgrace or defame
па́чкать
to soil/make dirty/also to disgrace or defame
мерзлота́
frozen ground, frozen state of the soil, ground frost
permafrost
истощённый
exhausted, worn out, drained
emaciated, undernourished, wasted
depleted, exhausted (of soil or resources)
га́дить
to defecate, to foul (a place), to soil
to spoil, to botch, to mess up
to play dirty tricks (on someone), to make mischief, to do someone harm
затере́ть
to jam, to give one no chance, to soil, to make dirty
перепа́чкать
to soil all over, to make dirty all over
вы́мазать
to smear, to besmear, to dirty, to soil
загрязни́ть
to soil, to dirty, to make dirty
to pollute, to contaminate
to besmirch, to sully, to tarnish
грунто́вый
ground-, soil-, subsoil-
dirt (road), unpaved, earthen
priming, primer-, undercoat-
мара́ть
to soil, to make dirty, to stain, to smear
to besmirch, to sully, to dishonour, to tarnish
прокопти́ть
to smoke, to cure in smoke, to soil with smoke, to soot
запятна́ть
to sully, to tarnish, to taint, to besmirch
to stain, to soil, to spot
to brand, to mark with a brand
перекопа́ть
to dig up (all of), to dig over, to turn over (soil)
to search everywhere, to rummage through, to turn upside down
to dig a trench across, to cut across with a ditch
to dig up again, to re-dig
нага́дить
to foul (a place), to defecate (in), to soil
to do (someone) a bad turn, to play a dirty trick on, to mess things up for, to harm
задри́пать
to soil, to make dirty, to spatter
загрязня́ть
to pollute, to contaminate
to soil, to dirty, to make dirty
to defile, to besmirch, to tarnish
вскопа́ть
to loosen soil by digging
уде́лать
to make dirty, to soil, to mess up
to beat, to defeat, to outdo, to surpass
to beat up, to thrash, to do over
to do, to get done, to fix up
перема́зать
to soil, to make dirty, to dirty, to bedaub
захвата́ть
to soil, to thumb, to take with, to seize
па́костить
to play dirty tricks, to do nasty things, to behave meanly
to soil, to dirty, to make a mess, to spoil
обма́зать
to coat, to putty, to besmear, to soil
новь
virgin soil, virgin land, newly ploughed land
something new, new beginning
new harvest, new grain
обга́дить
to soil, to befoul, to make dirty, to mess up
to badmouth, to denigrate, to slander, to trash (someone's reputation)
земли́ца
little plot of land, dear land, native soil
по́чвенный
soil, ground
взмёт
first ploughing, breaking up (of soil), skim ploughing
freshly ploughed field
взрыхле́ние
loosening, tilling, breaking up (of soil)
выма́зывать
to smear, to besmear, to dirty, to soil
выма́рывать
to dirty, to soil, to besmear, to strike out
вы́пачкать
to soil, to dirty, to stain
грязни́ть
to soil, to make dirty, to dirty up
to besmirch, to sully, to tarnish, to defame
to pollute, to contaminate
заса́ливать
to salt, to pickle (in brine), to preserve by salting
to make greasy, to stain with grease, to soil with grease
затира́ть
to jam, to give one no chance, to soil, to make dirty
измара́ть
to soil
измара́ться
to soil oneself
измы́згивать
to soil all over
ма́заться
to rub oneself (with cream), to apply (ointment) to oneself, to put on (lotion)
to put on makeup, to wear makeup, to make oneself up
to soil oneself, to get oneself smeared, to get dirty
мара́ться
to soil oneself, to get oneself dirty
му́слить
to soil, to beslaver, to beslobber, to dog-ear
напа́чкать
to soil
новина́
virgin soil, newly ploughed land, new field
freshly reaped grain, new harvest
unbleached linen, piece of coarse linen
novelty, piece of news
modern heroic epic, Soviet-era folk epic
обма́зывать
to coat, to putty, to besmear, to soil
обма́рывать
to soil, to dirty
обша́ркивать
to wear out (by rubbing), to fray, to scuff
to soil, to dirty up, to mess up
отшлёпать
to spank, to give a spanking, to smack
to soil, to get dirty, to splash with mud
to trudge (a distance), to wade (a distance)
па́чкаться
to get dirty, to soil oneself, to make oneself dirty
to soil oneself, to mess oneself
перема́заться
to get smeared all over, to soil oneself, to besmear oneself
to smear oneself again, to reapply cream to oneself
почвове́д
soil scientist
почвове́дение
soil science
почвове́дческий
soil-science
почвообраба́тывающий
soil-cultivating
пятна́ть
to stain, to soil, to spot
to besmirch, to smirch, to tarnish, to blemish
to tag, to catch
to brand (cattle), to mark with a brand
са́лить
to grease, to smear with grease, to oil
to soil with grease, to make greasy
to tag (in the game of tag), to touch (a player)
солоне́ц
saline soil, solonetz
salt spring, salt lake, salt lick
солонча́к
alkali soil, saline land, salt-marsh
сугли́нок
loam, loamy soil
сухме́нь
drought, dry weather, dry spell
dry soil, arid land, barren waste
heat, sultriness, swelter
утучня́ться
to grow fat, to put on fat, to fatten up
to become fertile, to grow rich (of soil), to grow lush
изрыва́ть
to dig up, to churn up, to turn over (soil), to root up
to pit, to furrow, to pockmark, to make uneven
to tear up, to tear to shreds, to rip apart
вы́грязниться
to get dirty, to become dirty, to soil oneself
перема́зывать
to re-smear, to re-grease, to re-oil
to smear all over, to soil all over, to smudge all over
замара́ться
to soil oneself, to get oneself dirty
напа́костить
to soil, to dirty, to spoil, to mess up
худоро́дный
low-born, of low birth, of humble origin
infertile, barren, poor (of soil)
намара́ть
to soil, to stain, to dirty, to smut
перелопа́чивавший
shoveling, having shoveled, turning over with a shovel, sifting (soil)
sifting through, poring over, going through (a lot of material), reviewing
вска́пывающий
digging up, spading, cultivating (soil)
перека́пывающий
digging over, redigging, turning over (soil)
гря́зный
dirty, filthy, soiled
muddy, miry
sordid, dishonest, obscene
ма́ркий
easily soiled
заса́ленный
greasy, soiled
замусо́ленный
soiled, well-thumbed, well-used
захва́танный
soiled by handling, thumbed
ма́заный
soiled, dirty, stained, smeared
daubed with clay, clay-plastered, wattle-and-daub
мара́нье
soiling, daub, scribble
нема́ркий
not easily soiled, not showing the dirt
загря́знуть
to get dirty, to become soiled
to become polluted, to get contaminated
вы́мазаться
to get dirty, to get soiled, to smear oneself
заса́ливание
greasing, oiling, soiling with grease, fatty buildup
выма́рывавший
that was blotting out, that was deleting, that was crossing out
that was soiling, that was making dirty, that was staining
выма́рывавшийся
being dirtied, being soiled, being stained
being crossed out, being blotted out, being struck out
загрязни́вшийся
dirty, soiled, stained
polluted, contaminated, tainted
зама́завшийся
smeared, dirty, stained, soiled
compromised, discredited, tainted, implicated

Examples

Плодоро́дная по́чва незамени́ма для се́льского хозя́йства.
Fertile soil is indispensable for agriculture.
Она доба́вила свежую зе́млю в цвето́чный горшо́к.
She put new soil in the flower pot.
Ничто, кажется, не растёт на э́той земле́.
Nothing seems to grow in this soil.
Во́здух мя́гкий, по́чва вла́жная.
The air is soft, the soil moist.
Когда прошёл дождь, и по́чва вла́жная, стано́вится легче полоть сорняки́.
When rain's fallen and the soil is moist, it becomes easier to pull out weeds.
Прежде чем нача́ть поса́дку, надо будет разрыхлить зе́млю.
The soil will have to be plowed before we start planting.
Что мо́жет расти́ на э́той по́чве?
What'll grow in this soil?
Когда прошёл дождь и по́чва сыра́я, стано́вится проще полоть сорняки́.
When rain's fallen and the soil is moist, it becomes easier to pull out weeds.
Земля́ здесь плодоро́дная.
The soil here is fertile.
Что тако́е по́чвенная пищевая сеть?
What is the soil food web?
Спо́рить с же́нщиной — всё равно, что пыта́ться утопи́ть во́ду, сжечь ого́нь, закопа́ть зе́млю или пойма́ть во́здух.
Arguing with a woman is like trying to drown the water, burn the fire, dig the soil or catch the air.
Я вспа́хиваю зе́млю.
I'm plowing the soil.
Он полил зе́млю.
He watered the soil.
Э́то была́ совершенно беспло́дная по́чва.
It was a very hungry soil.
На э́той по́чве не расту́т расте́ния.
Plants don't grow in this soil.
2015 был Междунаро́дным годом почв и Междунаро́дным годом све́та и световых техноло́гий.
2015 was the International Year of Soil and also the International Year of Light.
Э́то очень хоро́шая по́чва.
This is very good soil.
Э́то очень хоро́шая земля́.
This is very good soil.
Расте́ния поглоща́ют во́ду из по́чвы.
Plants take in water from the soil.
На э́той по́чве трудно что-то вы́растить.
It's difficult to grow anything in this soil.
На э́той по́чве трудно что-то выра́щивать.
It's difficult to grow anything in this soil.
Они хотя́т отрави́ть во́здух, во́ду и по́чву.
They want to poison the air, water, and soil.
На камени́стой по́чве го́рного хребта́ расту́т скали́стые сосны.
Rocky pines grow on the stony soil of the mountain ridge.
Только из спокойствия мо́гут возни́кнуть вели́кие и прекра́сные дела; оно — та по́чва, на кото́рой только и произраста́ют зре́лые плоды́.
Only from tranquility can great and beautiful deeds arise; it is the soil in which ripe fruits alone can grow.
Дом построили на песчаном грунте.
The house was built on sandy soil.
Грунт в этом районе очень плотный.
The soil in this area is very compact.
Земля после дождя стала рыхлой.
The soil became loose after the rain.
Навоз хорошо удобряет землю весной.
Manure fertilizes the soil well in spring.
Учёные изучают жизнедеятельность бактерий в почве.
Scientists study the vital activity of bacteria in the soil.
Наш агроном хорошо знает почву на этих полях.
Our agronomist knows the soil in these fields very well.
Ковш экскаватора поднял много земли.
The excavator bucket lifted a large amount of soil.
Эта земля очень тучная и плодородная.
This soil is very rich and fertile.
Огородная земля требует регулярного полива.
Garden soil requires regular watering.
Мы изучили срез почвы под микроскопом.
We examined a soil section under a microscope.
Мы присыпали землёй посаженные семена.
We covered the planted seeds with soil.
Эрозия почвы разрушает поля каждый год.
Soil erosion destroys fields every year.
Почва в этом районе глинистая и тяжёлая.
The soil in this area is clayey and heavy.
Учёные изучают вещественный состав почвы.
Scientists study the material composition of the soil.
Здесь болотистая почва, дом строить нельзя.
The soil is marshy here, so you can't build a house.
Инженеры провели уплотнение почвы под дорогой.
The engineers compacted the soil beneath the road.
Мы закидали яму землёй после работы.
After work, we filled the hole with soil.
Земля быстро впитала весь дождь.
The soil quickly absorbed all the rain.
Корни растения всасывают воду из почвы.
The plant’s roots absorb water from the soil.
Под дёрном была влажная земля.
The soil beneath the turf was damp.
Лебеда растёт даже на плохой почве.
Goosefoot grows even in poor soil.
Семена быстро прорастают в тёплой земле.
The seeds germinate quickly in warm soil.
Дождь насытил землю влагой.
The rain saturated the soil with moisture.
Воронежская область славится чернозёмными полями.
Voronezh Oblast is famous for its black-soil fields.
Земля размокла и стала липкой.
The soil became waterlogged and sticky.
Грунтовый слой почвы был очень влажным.
The soil layer was very damp.
Влага всасывается в сухую землю.
Moisture is absorbed into the dry soil.
Рододендроны любят кислую почву и тень.
Rhododendrons like acidic soil and shade.
Земля просыхала на солнце два дня.
The soil dried out in the sun for two days.
Корни деревьев обнажаются от эрозии почвы
The roots of the trees are exposed by soil erosion.
Она посадила клубень в тёплую землю.
She planted the tuber in warm soil.
Ольха хорошо переносит влажную почву.
Alder tolerates wet soil well.
Кислотность почвы влияет на урожай.
Soil acidity affects the yield.
Сошник плуга глубоко вошёл в землю.
The plowshare cut deep into the soil.
Дожди хорошо насыщают землю влагой.
The rains saturate the soil with moisture very well.
Насыщение почвы влагой заняло весь день.
It took the whole day for the soil to become saturated with moisture.
Листья быстро разложились в земле осенью.
The leaves decomposed quickly in the soil in autumn.
Учёные считают, что почва здесь деградировала.
Scientists believe that the soil here has deteriorated.
Задунайская равнина славится плодородными землями.
The Transdanubian Plain is renowned for its fertile soil.
Она поковыряла палочкой в земле.
She poked around in the soil with a stick.
Рабочие утрамбовали землю перед стройкой.
The workers compacted the soil before construction began.
В теплице мы используем торфяной грунт.
We use peat-based soil in the greenhouse.
Дождь помог всходам быстро подняться из земли.
The rain helped the shoots emerge from the soil quickly.
Учёные изучают оседание почвы в этом районе.
Scientists are studying soil subsidence in this area.
Дождь напитал землю влагой.
The rain saturated the soil with moisture.
Рабочие уплотнили грунт тяжёлым катком.
The workers compacted the soil with a heavy roller.
Она собрала образчики почвы для анализа.
She collected soil samples for analysis.
Река ежегодно повышает плодородие почвы разливами.
Every year, the river increases the soil's fertility through its floods.
Наша землица родная нам дорога
Our native soil is dear to us.
Этот изолят выделили из почвы.
This isolate was extracted from the soil.
Неоднородность почвы влияет на урожай.
Soil heterogeneity affects the yield.
Учёные измерили проницаемость почвы после дождя.
The scientists measured the soil’s permeability after the rain.
Лаборатория провела геохимический анализ почвы.
The laboratory conducted a geochemical analysis of the soil.
Учёные изучают почвенный слой этого региона
Scientists are studying the soil layer in this region.
Почвенный покров здесь очень тонкий
The soil cover here is very thin.
Растение абсорбирует влагу из почвы.
The plant absorbs moisture from the soil.
Мне нужен агрономический совет по поводу почвы.
I need agronomic advice about the soil.
Агротехник проверил состояние почвы на поле.
The agricultural technician checked the condition of the soil in the field.
Агрохимия изучает влияние удобрений на почву.
Agricultural chemistry studies the effects of fertilizers on the soil.
В почве много азотистых веществ.
There are many nitrogenous substances in the soil.
В теплице нужна хорошая аэрация почвы.
The soil in the greenhouse needs good aeration.
В почве найдены разные виды аэробов.
Various types of aerobes have been found in the soil.
Бегония любит влажную и тёплую почву.
Begonias like moist, warm soil.
Безглазый червяк ползал в земле.
An eyeless worm crawled through the soil.
В почве много биогенных веществ после дождя.
There are many biogenic substances in the soil after the rain.
После боронования земля стала мягче.
After harrowing, the soil became softer.
Трактор бороновал землю перед посевом.
The tractor harrowed the soil before sowing.
Отец учил сына бороновать землю.
The father taught his son to harrow the soil.
Вода постепенно вбирается в сухую землю.
The water gradually soaks into the dry soil.
Весновспашка помогает сохранить влагу в почве.
Spring ploughing helps preserve moisture in the soil.
Взрыхление почвы помогает растениям лучше расти.
Loosening the soil helps plants grow better.
После взрыхления земли мы посадили морковь.
After loosening the soil, we planted carrots.
Садовник объяснил, зачем нужно взрыхление грядок.
The gardener explained why it is necessary to loosen the soil in the beds.
Мы взрыхляем землю перед посадкой семян.
We loosen the soil before planting the seeds.
Почвовед изучал образцы земли на поле.
The soil scientist studied soil samples in the field.
Почвоведение помогает понять состав земли.
Soil science helps us understand the composition of the soil.