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дух

common #582B1
nounmasculineinanimateuncountable
  • 1.

    spirit

    Дух вре́мени измени́лся.

    The spirit of the times has changed.

    Of the immaterial side of a person, or of an age, place or movement.

  • 2.

    ghost, spirit, spectre

    Говоря́т, в ста́ром до́ме живёт дух.

    They say a ghost lives in the old house.

  • 3.

    mood, spirits, disposition, temper

    Он сего́дня не в ду́хе.

    He is in a bad mood today.

    Common in the phrases быть в духе / не в духе.

  • 4.

    courage, heart, spirit

    Не па́дай ду́хом!

    Don't lose heart!

    Often in падать духом 'to lose heart'.

  • 5.

    breath

    Он останови́лся, что́бы перевести́ дух.

    He stopped to catch his breath.

    Chiefly in set phrases such as перевести дух.

  • 6.

    smell, scent, odour

    В ко́мнате стоял тяжёлый дух.

    There was a heavy smell in the room.

    Colloquial.

Examples

Declension

SingularPlural
Nom.Nominative

дух

ду́хи

Gen.Genitive

ду́ха

ду́ху

ду́хов

Dat.Dative

ду́ху

ду́хам

Acc.Accusative

дух

ду́хи

Inst.Instrumental

ду́хом

ду́хами

Prep.Prepositional

ду́хе

ду́хах

Typical usagePRO

  • Inner strength and morale

    • боево́й дух

      fighting spirit; morale

    • поднима́ть боево́й дух

      to boost morale

    • не па́дать ду́хом

      not to lose heart

    • си́лен ду́хом

      strong in spirit; resilient

  • Breath and breathing idioms

    • перевести́ дух

      to catch one’s breath

    • у меня́ перехвати́ло дух

      my breath was taken away; I was short of breath

    • дух захва́тывает

      it takes your breath away

  • Style, mood, and vibe

    • в ду́хе (кого́/чего́)

      in the style/vein of

    • состоя́ние ду́ха

      state of mind

    • бли́зок по ду́ху (кому́)

      kindred in spirit; like-minded (to)

    • свобо́да ду́ха

      freedom of spirit; independence of mind

LockedUnlock typical usages

Fixed expressions

Word familyдухPRO

  • духspirit; ghost; mood; courage; breath; smell
    nounmasculine
  • nounfeminine

Related words

Synonyms

See also

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Contributions

  • Iron edited translation 1 week ago.
  • Iron edited translation 1 week ago.
  • RandysPudge edited translation 1 year ago.
  • Becca edited translation 1 year ago.