by russian
на
on, on top of
onto, on, up against (a surface)
at, in
to
for
for
by, in, on
for, on
during, in
by
у
to have, (indicating possession)
by, at, next to
with (someone), at (someone's place)
from (someone)
за
behind
for, in favour of
at, by
for, because of
behind, over (to the other side of)
at (sitting down), to
in, within, over (a period), for (a whole period)
after, following
for, per, a
for
for, instead of, on behalf of
over, during, at
beyond, on the far side of
out of (town), in the country, to the country
over, more than
к
towards, to, up to
to, to see, to (someone's place)
by, towards (a time)
towards, to
for, for the purpose of
по
along, down, through, across
about, on the subject of, in
by means of, on, over, by
according to, in accordance with, by
because of, out of, due to
on, every
after, upon, on
to, up to, through
by, in terms of
at, on, upon
for, to fetch
уже́
already, by this time, by now, ready
там
there, later, by and by
пое́хать
to go (by vehicle), to travel (by vehicle), to drive off, to set off
to let's go
че́рез
across, over
through
through, by means of, via
in (after a period), after
под
under, underneath, below
under, underneath
near, just outside, in the vicinity of
under, in, under the influence of
towards, just before, on the eve of
to (music), accompanied by
for, to be used as
down, downhill
in imitation of, -effect
сле́довать
to follow, to go after
to have to (should, must), to need to
to follow (advice or rules), to comply with, to abide by
to follow (from), to result (from)
прие́хать
to arrive by vehicle
похо́же
it seems, apparently, probably, by the look of it
be like, look like, resemble
similarly, alike, in a similar way
е́хать
to go, to travel by vehicle in one direction
пройти́
to pass by, to walk past, to go past
to pass, to elapse, to go by
to take place, to be held, to go (well or badly)
to go through, to pass through, to seep through, to penetrate
to cover (a topic), to go through (material), to study
to pass, to get through
при
at, by, attached to
at, in case of, upon, given
in the time of, under, during
in the presence of, in front of
with (on one's person)
уж
really, indeed, surely
not that, not so very
already, by now
ря́дом
next to, beside, by, alongside
nearby, close by, near, next door
side by side, next to each other
бежа́ть
to run
to fly by, to pass quickly
to flee, to escape
зайти́
to go in, to step into, to stop by
to drop in, to drop by, to call on, to go to see
to pick up, to fetch, to call for, to collect
to set, to go down
to go to (a website), to visit, to log on to
to appeal to, to go down well with
е́здить
to travel or go by vehicle
о́коло
near, close to, beside, by
approximately, about, around
далеко́
far, far away, far off
it is far, it is a long way
far from, by no means
отвезти́
to take (by vehicle), to drive (someone somewhere), to bring (by car)
to take away, to cart off, to haul away
тем
the (with comparative), so much the, all the
with that, by that, by means of that
повезти́
to take, to transport, to carry by vehicle
to be lucky, to have good luck
принадлежа́ть
to belong to, to be owned by
to belong to (a group), to be among
получа́ть
to receive, to get, to obtain
to receive (a signal), to pick up
to obtain (by processing), to produce
гора́здо
much, far, by far, way
кста́ти
by the way, incidentally, as a matter of fact
handy, welcome, useful, convenient
днём
in the day-time, by day, in the afternoon
проходи́ть
to pass by, to walk past, to go past
to go through, to pass through, to fit through
to take place, to be held, to proceed, to go (well or badly)
to pass, to elapse, to go by
to cover (a topic), to study, to do (in class)
to undergo, to take (an exam), to go through
но́чью
at night, by night
перее́хать
to move (to a new home), to relocate
to cross (by vehicle), to drive across, to drive over
to run over, to knock down (with a vehicle)
случа́йно
by chance, by accident, accidentally, by any chance
родно́й
native, home
own (by blood), full (brother/sister), biological, blood-related
dear, darling, sweet
relatives, relations, kin, kinsfolk
native (language), mother (tongue)
суди́ть
to judge, to assess, to form an opinion
to try (in court), to bring to trial, to put on trial
to judge (by something), to tell (from something)
to condemn, to pass judgement on
приезжа́ть
to arrive by vehicle
бли́зко
nearby, close by, close
вы́учить
to learn, to memorize, to learn by heart, to master
to teach, to train
везти́
to carry, to transport, to take by vehicle
to be lucky, to have good fortune
в ка́честве
as, in the capacity of, by way of
отлича́ться
to differ (from), to be different (from), to deviate (from)
to be notable (for), to be distinguished (by), to stand out (for)
to distinguish oneself, to excel, to rise to the top
to make an exhibition of oneself, to cause a stir
присмотре́ть
to look after, to keep an eye on, to watch over
to pick out, to spot, to find (by looking around)
съе́здить
to travel or go by vehicle
вы́нужденный
forced, compelled
done of necessity, forced by circumstances
ми́мо
past, by
wide of the mark, off target
привезти́
to bring by vehicle, to transport
одино́чка
loner, person on their own, single person
by yourself, on your own, single-handedly
solitary cell, solitary confinement
сжечь
to burn, to burn up, to incinerate
to burn down, to destroy by fire
зае́хать
to drop in, to call in (on the way), to stop by
to pick up, to fetch, to collect
to drive into, to drive in, to pull into
to get to, to end up (somewhere), to stray
to strike, to hit, to land one (on someone)
загляну́ть
to glance (into), to look (into), to peek
to drop by, to drop in, to call in
во́зле
near, beside, by, next to
nearby, alongside, close by
наста́ивать
to insist
to infuse, to steep, to brew (by steeping)
недалеко́
not far, nearby, close by, near
not far off, near (in time)
прое́хать
to pass by, to drive past, to ride past
to cover (a distance), to do (a distance), to travel, to ride
to travel through, to drive through, to pass through
to miss (one's stop), to overshoot
плыть
to swim
to sail, to go by boat
to float, to drift
to hover over, to glide above
течь
to flow, to stream, to run
to leak, to be leaky
to pass, to go by, to elapse
раздели́ть
to divide, to split, to divide into parts
to share, to partake in
to separate, to cut apart
to divide (among people)
to divide (by a number)
чуде́сно
wonderfully, marvellously, splendidly, lovely
miraculously, as if by a miracle
своди́ть
to take (somebody somewhere), to take out
to bring together, to bring into contact
to reduce (to something), to boil down (to), to bring down (to)
to remove, to get rid of
to lead down, to help down
to lead away, to take off (a place)
to cramp, to contract convulsively
to trace (a drawing), to copy by tracing
to settle scores (with somebody), to square accounts (with somebody)
to drive crazy, to drive mad
связа́ть
to connect, to link, to join
to tie, to bind, to tie up (into a bundle)
to put (someone) in touch, to connect (by phone)
to knit, to crochet
to bind (by an obligation)
to tie up (a person), to bind hand and foot
далёкий
far, distant, faraway, remote
distant, remote, long-past
far removed (from), alien, unrelated
by no means, far from
переезжа́ть
to move (to a new home), to relocate, to move house
to cross (by vehicle), to drive over, to ride across
to run over, to knock down (with a vehicle)
доста́ться
to go to (someone), to fall to (someone), to get
to come by, to fall into one's hands, to be had (cheaply)
сгоре́ть
to burn (to be consumed by fire)
неподалёку
not far away, nearby, close by
улете́ть
to fly away, to fly off, to depart (by plane)
to fly by, to vanish, to evaporate
зале́зть
to climb up, to climb onto
to get into, to climb into, to crawl into
to hide (crawling in)
to break into, to steal (by reaching in), to intrude
подбро́сить
to toss up, to throw up, to throw (into the air)
to give a lift, to drop off (by car)
to add (more of something), to put on more (fuel)
to plant (secretly), to slip in unnoticed
to bring up (reinforcements), to send in (extra supplies)
име́ться
to be available, to exist, to be present, to be there
to be owned by someone, to be at someone's disposal
отыска́ть
to find (by searching), to track down, to locate, to hunt down
приде́рживаться
to adhere to, to stick to, to abide by, to hold to (an opinion)
to keep to, to stay on (a side)
to hold on to, to hold onto
прилете́ть
to arrive by air
проспа́ть
to oversleep
to sleep through (something), to miss by sleeping
to sleep (for a stretch of time), to sleep through (the night)
откла́дывать
to postpone, to put off, to delay, to reschedule
to put aside, to lay aside, to put down
to save (money), to set aside (money), to put by
наполови́ну
half, by half, to the extent of half
halfway, only partly, not completely
окружённый
surrounded by
одержи́мый
obsessed (with), possessed (by)
possessed person, demoniac
постепе́нно
gradually, little by little, by degrees
разделя́ть
to divide, to separate into parts, to split up
to separate, to keep apart
to share (an opinion), to share (a feeling)
to share out, to divide up (among people)
to divide (by a number)
вы́мыть
to wash, to wash thoroughly
to wash up, to do (the dishes)
to scrub, to clean (by washing), to mop
to hollow out, to wash out
случа́йный
accidental, by chance, unintentional, inadvertent
random (person), chance (acquaintance), stray
occasional, casual (work), odd (job)
random
обойти́
to go around, to walk round, to skirt
to evade, to bypass, to avoid, to circumvent
to go round (all of them), to make the rounds of, to visit one by one
to overtake, to pass, to outstrip
to spread (of news), to go round, to travel round
ро́дом
by origin, by birth, originally (from)
дели́ть
to divide, to split up, to break into parts
to share
to divide (one number by another)
враспло́х
off guard, by surprise, unawares, unexpectedly
благоро́дный
noble, high-minded, magnanimous
noble (by birth), aristocratic
noble (metal or gas)
коло́ть
to prick, to sting, to prickle, to stab
to chop, to split, to crack (nuts)
to inject, to give injections
to slaughter (by stabbing), to stick (a pig)
отвлека́ть
to distract, to divert, to draw away
to interrupt, to disturb, to keep (from work)
to abstract, to derive (by abstraction)
вы́ехать
to leave, to depart by vehicle
завоева́ть
to conquer, to subjugate, to take by force
to win, to gain, to earn
to win through struggle, to fight for and gain
дозвони́ться
to reach by call
соедини́ть
to connect, to join, to put together
to unite, to combine, to merge
to put through, to connect (by phone)
ни в ко́ем слу́чае
in no case, by no means
вы́званный
caused (by), brought about, induced, triggered
summoned, called in, sent for
вы́резать
to cut out, to excise, to remove surgically
to carve, to sculpt (by cutting), to engrave
to massacre, to slaughter
получе́ние
receiving, obtaining, getting, receipt
receipt
obtaining (by a process)
орке́стр
orchestra(a large group of musicians who play many different instruments together and are led by a conductor), brass band, orchestra-pit
наизу́сть
by heart, by rote
Examples
Он прие́хал авто́бусом или по́ездом?
Did he come by bus or by train?
Как от уве́чных роди́телей рожда́ются иногда уве́чные, иногда неувечные дети, так и от са́мки иногда рожда́ется са́мка, иногда же — не са́мка, а саме́ц. Ведь са́мка представля́ет собой как бы уве́чного самца́.
Just as it sometimes happens that deformed offspring are produced by deformed parents, and sometimes not, so the offspring produced by a female are sometimes female, sometimes not, but male, because the female is as it were a deformed male.
Реше́ние в коне́чном ито́ге определя́ется чу́вствами, а не интелле́ктом.
Opinion is ultimately determined by the feelings, and not by the intellect.
На нас ока́зывают влия́ние и окруже́ние, и насле́дственность.
We are influenced both by environment and by heredity.
Некоторые добира́ются в шко́лу на велосипе́де, други́е - на авто́бусе.
Some go to school by bicycle, others go by bus.
Методы, используемые для преодоле́ния стре́сса, разли́чны для мужчи́н и для же́нщин: запо́й явля́ется основным ме́тодом, используемым мужчи́нами, в то вре́мя как же́нщины справля́ются со стре́ссом при по́мощи обще́ния.
The methods used to overcome stress are different for men and women: drinking is the major method used by men, while women deal with stress by chatting.
Коли ты хо́чешь, чтоб тебя уважа́ли, во-первых и главное, уважа́й сам себя; только э́тим, только самоуваже́нием ты заста́вишь и други́х уважа́ть себя.
If you want to be respected by others the great thing is to respect yourself. Only by that, only by self-respect will you compel others to respect you.
Встреча́ют по одёжке, провожа́ют по уму́.
You are judged by appearances at first but by your mind later on.
Выно́сливость - э́то спосо́бность нести́ физи́ческую или умственную нагру́зку в тече́ние дли́тельного пери́ода без появле́ния уста́лости. Вы мо́жете увели́чить выно́сливость трениро́вками, ведением здоро́вого о́браза жи́зни, а также здоро́вой и сбалансированной дие́той.
Stamina is the capacity to carry on a physical or mental activity for an extensive period of time without getting tired. You can increase your stamina by training, by maintaining a healthy lifestyle and by consuming a healthy and balanced diet.
Работая непо́лный рабо́чий день, студе́нты мо́гут накопи́ть доста́точно де́нег, чтобы самостоятельно опла́чивать учёбу.
Students, by working part time, are able to scrape up tuition fees by themselves.
Древние гре́ки ве́рили, что Со́лнце передвига́ется по не́бу в запряжённой четырьмя бе́лыми коня́ми колесни́це, управля́емой бо́гом Гелиосом.
The ancient Greeks believed that the Sun rode across the sky in a chariot drawn by four white horses driven by the god Heleius.
Кли́нопись, изобретённая шумерами, в дре́вности использовалась во мно́гих языка́х на Бли́жнем Восто́ке.
The cuneiform alphabet invented by the Sumerians was used by many languages in the ancient Near East.
Все разнообра́зные ку́льты, преобладавшие в ри́мском ми́ре, наро́д счита́л одинаково и́стинными, фило́софы – одинаково ло́жными, а чино́вники – одинаково поле́зными. Таки́м о́бразом, терпи́мость порожда́ла не только снисходи́тельность друг к Дру́гу, но даже согла́сие между рели́гиями.
The various modes of worship which prevailed in the Roman world were all considered by the people as equally true; by the philosopher as equally false; and by the magistrate as equally useful. And thus toleration produced not only mutual indulgence, but even religious concord.
Том сиде́л у бассе́йна в пла́вательных шортах, окружённый краси́выми же́нщинами в бики́ни.
Tom sat by the pool in swimming trunks, surrounded by beautiful women in bikinis.
Час за часом, секу́нда за секу́ндой ему станови́лось все трудней улыба́ться.
Hour by hour, second by second, it became increasingly difficult for him to smile.
Нашим гостя́м мы рекоменду́ем экску́рсии пешком, на по́езде, на авто́бусе, на фуникулере, на кана́тном подъемнике.
We recommend that our guests take excursions on foot, by train, by bus, by funicular, or by chairlift.
По одёжке встреча́ют, по уму́ провожа́ют.
People judge a man by his clothes when they first meet him, and by his intelligence when they say goodbye.
Отлучённого съест медве́дь, отстранившегося - волк.
A removed person will be eaten by a bear; one who has withdrawn, by a wolf.
Невозможно безучастно пройти́ мимо удиви́тельного цвета осе́нних ли́стьев на дере́вьях.
It is impossible to pass by the wonderful colors of the autumn leaves on the trees without being captivated by them.
Права работников законодательно защищены государством.
Workers’ rights are protected by law by the state.
Мы испугались распухания руки от укуса.
We were frightened by the swelling of the hand caused by the bite.
Он всегда руководится собственными правилами, а не советами.
He is always guided by his own rules rather than by advice.
В книге описано самоотравление продуктами обмена.
The book describes auto-intoxication caused by metabolic by-products.
Древний город воссоздаётся археологами по частям.
The ancient city is being reconstructed piece by piece by archaeologists.
Мне нужно заучить это стихотворение к завтрашнему уроку.
I need to learn this poem by heart by tomorrow’s lesson.
Праздник, ознаменованный парадом, запомнился всем.
The festival, marked by a parade, was remembered by everyone.
Отчёт, составляемый бухгалтером, будет готов к пятнице.
The report being prepared by the accountant will be ready by Friday.
Все документы поступающих студентов проверяются приёмной комиссией.
All documents submitted by incoming students are checked by the admissions committee.
Он шёл, провожаемый взглядами прохожих.
He walked along, watched by passers-by.



















